Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
54630 => 5 4 6 3 0
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 4 => 1
4 to 6 => 2
6 to 3 => 3
3 to 0 => 3
0 to 5 => 5
Step 3: Convert distances to codes (0=E[qual],
1 & 9 = C[onsecutive], 2-8 = N[one]):
1 => C
2 => N
3 => N
3 => N
5 => N
Step 4: Combine the filters to a string:
C N N N N = CNNNN